Many in Black Communities are Choosing Vaccination
By Jahmal Miller
The trail of illness and death left amid the spread of COVID-19 in Black and African American communities should come as no surprise.
Inequities in health outcomes have always been with us. COVID-19 morbidity and mortality rates among African Americans rival or exceed those in heart disease, diabetes and other illnesses. Blacks sit atop most bad lists and at the bottom of most good lists.
COVID-19 vaccinations offer us an opportunity to better balance the scale.
Unfortunately, even with widely available testing, highly effective vaccines, and extraordinary efforts by health departments to educate and encourage people of color to get vaccinated, many Black Californians remain skeptical.
We can only hope that the FDA’s full regulatory approval of the Pfizer vaccine on Aug. 23 for those 16 and up convinces more to get the vaccine. It’s worth noting that emergency-use authorization also remains in place for the Moderna and Johnson & Johnson shots, as well as Pfizer’s for 12- to 15-year-olds – and that all of these vaccines are safe and effective in protecting against COVID-19 and its highly contagious variants.
Eddie Fairchild and Steph Sanders were skeptical about the COVID-19 vaccine but came to understand why vaccination benefits our entire community.
Fairchild, a Sacramento insurance agent, said he knew of research that found Black and white people are often treated differently for the same health conditions leading to poorer health outcomes.
“I was hesitant,” he said. “I was going to wait and see how it panned out with everyone else.
But when a Black friend in the health care field told him he’d opted to get vaccinated, Fairchild asked him why.
“He said, ‘Risk-reward, and the risk is death.’ At that point I didn’t have to ask him what the reward was.”
With a finance degree and a belief that numbers don’t lie, Fairchild looked at the data. He learned that until 2020 the average number of Americans who died each year was about 2.6 million, but in 2020 that figure was 3.4 million. There was only one possible explanation for the death rate surge, he said.
“COVID is absolutely real,” he said, adding that three of his cousins died from the virus. “Taking all that into consideration, I decided that it’s risky to engage in the world and not be vaccinated. It made sense for me to get it.”
Racial gaps in vaccination have thankfully narrowed in recent weeks. But as of September 1, while Black people account for 6 percent of the state’s population, they account for 6.6 percent of COVID-19 deaths, which is 11 percent higher than the statewide rate, according to state department of public health data. Only about 55 percent of Black people in California have had at least one dose of the vaccine.
Reasons for the discrepancies run the gamut, from conspiracy theories like Black people are getting a less effective vaccine than whites or that the vaccine will eventually be deadly, to challenges in health care access. Mostly, it’s based on a lack of trust in medical and scientific institutions, which have a long history of racism and mistreating Black people.
So even when it comes to good things like vaccines, which are scientifically proven to be good for the community, it always comes back to trust.
Sanders, a Vallejo school principal, was hesitant because of the Tuskegee syphilis studies in which Black men who had the disease were intentionally not treated with penicillin. And he was dubious that an effective vaccine could be developed so quickly. In fact, the science and technology enabling development of the COVID-19 vaccines was in development for a more than decade before the virus emerged in 2020. The FDA authorized three vaccines for emergency use after they underwent a rigorous process and were proven through trials to be safe and effective at preventing severe COVID-19, hospitalization, and death.
He decided to get vaccinated when his school board decided last spring to bring students back into classrooms.
Today, he’s a fervent vaccine advocate. He holds “lunch and learn” forums for educators, encouraging vaccination.
“I’m a leader and people are relying on my knowledge,” he said. “I tell them, ‘Don’t make this about you, but about the people you love and care about. It’s about protecting them.’”
There is still a long way to go before Blacks achieve true health equity, but vaccination against a virus that is taking a terrible toll on our communities is a critical step in the right direction.
Jahmal Miller, who is based in Sacramento, is a nationally recognized health equity expert. He is a board member-elect of the California Endowment and served as Deputy Director of the Office of Health Equity in the California Department of Public Health from 2013-2018.
